Cultural Dispositions: Cultural Frameworks

Specific vs. Diffuse

This dimension refers to how people communicate and interact with one another in their society. Specific cultures are more direct using clear descriptive words, frankness and facts. Germans are known for clear, precise, descriptive language to convey what they want.

Diffuse cultures accept, understand and prefer indirect communication that may carefully use contextual clues to convey understanding. An example of this is the earlier story of the upper class woman conveying through actions that it would not be acceptable for her daughter to marry a boy from a lower class. Japanese would also use diffuse communication especially when trying to say no in a way that allows a person to save face.

On a GV team this dimension is particularly important for leaders communicating with those of different cultures and dealing with team disagreements. Team members need to understand if their team member is speaking with a diffuse style, especially if they expect a clear direct answer. Specific cultures need to be aware that they are not using language that would embarrass or diminish a team member from a diffuse culture.